Blog Task 3: Race

In Video 1, Diversity, Equity & Inclusion. Learning how to get it right (2023), Asif Sadiq, a senior executive at Adidas, focuses on a critique of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion training in corporate and institutional spaces.

He argues that, despite the investments, Diversity, Equity and Inclusion training do not produce meaningful change. This failure, he continues, is the result the of training content which reproduces the dominant cultural perspectives, delivers single stories, prioritise specific areas, fall into generalisations and stereotyping, and mostly, focuses on the challenges and negative aspects of diversity experiences instead of the benefits and potentials. Up to here, despite the wide generalisations, I followed his argument without much trouble. My alarm was raised when, after these observations, Asif Sadiq concludes that the responsibility to get educated, to create a fair space to talk about differences and produce transformative changes, lies with the individual, not the institutions.

For me, it is this responsibility-shift, from institution to individual, which is very troubling. While it is unclear whether Asif Sadiq, a man of colour, was aware of the pervasive mechanisms of the neoliberal discourse of his responsibility-shift proposal, in Video 2, Revealed: The charity turning UK universities woke (2022), Professor James Orr, a white British academic from Cambridge University, clearly uses shifts and inversions with great dexterity and awareness to argue that, at Cambridge University, there is no evidence of the perpetuation of institutional racism. And, to build his argument, he presents a series of conversations where he uses the visible diversity of the interviewees to validate his opinion.

His critique is aimed at the Advance HE frameworks for gender and race equality which, he claims, preach a vision of society rejected by the “general public” and push a particularly ideological line about “white fragility or about how we’re all racists”. Advance HE frameworks when applied by the institution in the form of training or admissions, he continues, become ideological mandates which produce “diversity bureaucracies” that can jeopardise academic freedom and teaching excellence.

I searched online for an official public statement or a comment from the University of Cambridge responding to the The Telegraph‘s video by Professor James Orr and I found nothing. Is this silence what Cambridge University understands as freedom of speech?

While I am quite critical of UAL’s Diversity, Equity and Inclusion mandatory trainings which feel like box ticking exercises, applications of the Advance HE frameworks in spaces such as the PgCert Academic Practice are examples of initiatives where the institution provides a safe space to talk about differences, share experiences and where individuals can fulfil their responsibility as learners.

I am sure that the PgCert graduates will promote meaningful changes in their practices and in their spaces of sovereignty at an individual level – mine is a vertical design studio in the CSM BA Architecture. However, at institutional level, UAL is playing the same responsibility-shift game. Lecturers, technicians, librarians and frontline staff, many on precarious contracts like mine (hourly paid lecturer) and reduced teaching hours, are offered to take volunteering “learning hours” (PgCert) and charged with the institutional responsibility to fulfil UAL’s commitment to social justice.

I wonder how far UAL can still push this responsibility-shift game. I wonder how far I will go on playing it.

References:

Video 1 – with Asif Sadiq:

Diversity, Equity & Inclusion. Learning how to get it right. (2023) YouTube video, added by TEDx [Online]. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HR4wz1b54hw 

Video 2 – with Professor James Orr:

Revealed: The charity turning UK universities woke. (2022) YouTube video, added by The Telegraph [Online]. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FRM6vOPTjuU

Blog Task 2: Faith, religion, and belief

UAL mandatory training course Breaking Bias includes a TED talk entitled “What does my headscarf mean to you?”. Yassmin Abdel-Magied, a Muslim woman of colour, starts by pointing out that the way she wears her headscarf determines the way people see her, and asks the audience how surprise they would be if she told them she is a racing car engineer, who designs her own racing cars, and runs her University’s car racing team. “Because it is true” she says. The “surprise”, she explains, is the product of our unconscious bias, or the filters through which we see the world. (Abdel-Magied 2009)

To understand why the racing car engineer’s challenge is so powerful, we need to look at Kimberlé Crenshaw’s theory of intersectionality because what causes the ‘disassociation’ between Yassmin’s image and the image of a racing car engineer, is not only her headscarf, but the interplay between her ‘visible’ identities of faith, gender and race.

We live in a world shaped by the ideas of patriarchy, white supremacy and Christianity, and our individual and collective filters, or the ways we see the world, have been shaped and valued against those backgrounds. In the video 1, Appiah (2014) argues that it is because different groups, cultures and beliefs are framed against Christian assumptions that “some vast generalisation about religions” are made. And Singh (2016) reiterates in video 2 that it is this “tendency to try and paint entire communities with a single brush stroke” that leads to stereotyping, and explicit and implicit forms of discrimination.

Systemic forms of discrimination are so intrinsically structural to our society that it becomes difficult to recognise them. In the article ‘Is race still relevant? Student perceptions and experiences of racism in higher education’ (Wong et al 2021), the authors find that “there is a wider challenge for racism to be recognised as racism”, and call universities to urgently acknowledge the existence of racism and to ensure that all students can recognise it.

Jaclyn Rekis in her article Religious Identity and Epistemic Injustice: An Intersectional Account (2023), argues that, in relation to religious subjects in higher education environment, the result of a “knower” being undermined because of their religious identity has a negative impact in their knowledge-producing and dissemination efforts, creating a dysfunction in the overall epistemic practice and/or system. The result of this injustice, she argues, is a loss of knowledge.

Everyone has an experience of the city which makes my students “bearers of knowledge”, the most valuable source of knowledge in my teaching and learning practice. In my studio, BA Architecture CSM, I consciously and passionately try to create a fair space to avoid any epistemic injustice, and loss of valuable knowledge, but I know that my efforts are not without “filters”.

Yassmin, the car engineer, closes her talk with a brief anecdote: A father and his son get involved in a bad car accident. The father dies in the crash and the boy is taken to hospital in need of an emergency surgery. When the surgeon looks at the boy, the surgeon says: “I can’t operate this boy, this child is my son”. At this point Yassmin stops and gives the audience 10 seconds before she asks: “How was that possible?” And, in my head, I was thinking how was that possible. She then says: The surgeon was his mother. (Abdel-Magied 2009)

Videos:

What does my headscarf mean to you? (2009) YouTube video, added by TED [Online] available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18zvlz5CxPE

Is religion good or bad? (2014) YouTube video, added by TED [Online] available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2et2KO8gcY

Challenging Race, Religion, and Stereotypes in the Classroom (2016). YouTube video, added by Trinity University [Online] available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0CAOKTo_DOk

References:

Rekis, J. (2023) Religious Identity and Epistemic Injustice: An Intersectional Account [online] Hypatia, Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://doi:10.1017/hyp.2023.86.

Wong, B., Elmorally, R., Copsey-Blake, M., Highwood, E. and Singarayer, J. (2020) Is race still relevant? Student perceptions and experiences of racism in higher education. [online] Taylor and Francis. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2020.1831441

Blog Task 1: Disability

Christine Sun Kim’s video in Friends & Strangers (Video 3 – Art 21) was the video that really spoke to me, and it is not because I identify with her disability. I still cringe remembering my reaction when a sign language interpreter told me that there was not such a thing as “one” sign language, to which I indignantly replied “Why?”. A question that Sun Kim documented in a piece of work entitled “Shit hearing people say to me”.

figure 1 – Christine Sun Kim (2019) MOMA, New York.

The two aspects of her work which I found fascinating are the use of universal infographics and visual art as creative and analytical tools to unpick and examine her own positionality and emotional responses to the world around her. And her engagement and contextual responses to space, cities and people.

Echo is an idea related to space and time. And ideas of echo and repetition from sign language form the basis of Sun Kim’s visual language, which she uses as a reflective and analytical tool not only to examine her intersectional identity (deaf, sign language “speaker”, women, mother, recipient of free childcare, Berlin resident, collaborator) but to develop a real sensibility towards world around her.

Sun Kim’s work talks about different modes of discrimination and privilege, and gives visibility to what cannot be heard or seen. Visibility is the recurrent theme in videos 2, 3 and 4, embodied as scale by Sun Kim, and as the space and time to shine in the Paralympics to athlete Ade Adepitan. Visibility, it is argued, has the power to transcend the barriers of the world, to create convergence and connection and “shape social norms” (Video 3 – Art 21).

UAL context

Space and time for teaching and learning have been consistently slashed by the University in the 3 years I have been teaching the design module in the BA Architecture at CSM. From 24 weeks in 2022-23 to 18 weeks in 2024-25, students and design tutors have seen an enormous reduction in teaching time. Because the most dramatic cut happened from the last to the current year (a total of 4 weeks), and this reduction was implemented alongside a new summative assessment in the end of block 1 (oct- jan), the overall impact of these changes can yet not be visualised.

As a direct result of these decisions, students were left to their own resources, required to work more independently, and to face and additional high stake assessment (Russel 2010) in the middle of their learning journey. Attendance to the design studio sessions in Block 2 (feb-may) is the lowest by far when compared to previous years, especially among students awarded lower marks for their Block 1 submissions (oct – jan).

As a hpl tutor, I feel that the changes disabled me. I am required to deliver the same course for the same number of students, but with 20% less time and space. Perhaps the students are feeling disabled too. These decisions were not taken with “everyone in mind” or to “remove barriers” (video 1 – UAL Disability Service). And I can only see the retention and awarding gap in this module widening up this academic year.

References:

Video 1:

University of the Arts London. The Social Model of Disability at UAL. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mNdnjmcrzgw&t=2s

Video 2:

Paralympics GB (2020). Ade Adepitan gives amazing explanation of systemic racism. 16 October. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KAsxndpgagU (Accessed: 26 April 2025).

Video 3:

Art21 (2023). Christine Sun Kim in “Friends & Strangers” – Season 11 | Art21. 1 November. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NpRaEDlLsI&t=83s (Accessed: 26 April 2025).

Video 4:

ParaPride (2023) Intersectionality in Focus: Empowering Voices during UK Disability History Month 2023. 13 December. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_yID8_s5tjc&t=15s (Accessed: 26 April 2025).

Russell, M. (2010). University of Hertfordshire Assessment Patterns: A Review of the Possible Consequences. [online] Available
at: < https://blogs.kcl.ac.uk/aflkings/files/2019/08/ESCAPE-AssessmentPatterns-ProgrammeView.pdf> [Accessed 17 Mar 2025]